![]() ![]() If it appears that no color except green produces the ‘conditioned’ reflex, there is reason to believe that the dog perceives green as distinct from the other colors.” An animal so trained is ready for experiments on the discrimination of colors. After numerous repetitions of this procedure the visual stimulus becomes the sign of food and induces the salivary reflex in the absence of the food. This is accomplished by showing the animal a particular color - say green - at intervals and at the same time giving it food. “A dog, which has been selected for observation and in which a salivary fistula has been created, is subjected to a course of training to establish a ‘conditioned’ reflex on the basis of visual stimulation. ![]() Īs Yerkes and Morgulis describe, the principle of Pavlovian or classical conditioning of inducing a conditioned reflex worked as follows: Take a look at the paper that introduced Pavlov’s work to North America, in particular his “salivary reflex method”. The Nobel Prize was of course a major source of prestige and recognition of this line of research, and his work became better known to the English-speaking community through Yerkes and Morgulis’ introduction in 1909. ![]() Pavlov’s work on learning through conditioning originated directly from this line of work that involved studying dog’s reactions to food stimuli, in particular their salivation in the presence of food and food-related cues. Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physician who received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1904, “in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion”. In this new view, the work and prestige of pioneers like Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike were key. Watson’s proposal to turn psychology into the science of behavior stemmed from an attempt to make his own perspective and favorite methods, the research of animal behavior, a more central part of psychology. Behaviorism had two main inspirations, the work of Pavlov and Thorndike, representing classic and operant conditioning, respectively. ![]()
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